SOLAR SYSTEM There are many issues with the fashions and hypotheses which are used to guide the naturalistic tale of how the solar system formed. SOLAR SYSTEM SOLAR SYSTEM
Many scientific papers are written every
yr about the Oort Cloud, its houses,
its foundation, its evolution. Yet there isn’t but
a shred of direct observational proof
for its existence.
—Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan, Comets (New York, New
York: Random House, 1985), p. 201.
What You Will Learn
The naturalistic story of the sun machine is going lower back four.5 billion
years. In this view the solar device started out as a cloud of dirt and
fuel that collapsed on itself. A big name started to shape as the cloud turned into
compressed by way of some unknown pressure. As the big name spun and gathered
extra mass, a disk of dust started out to form the planets. Over
hundreds of thousands of years the young sun machine became fashioned. Much particles
become left over from the system and is gift these days as asteroids and
big belts and clouds of fabric. There turned into no intervention by a
Creator, as the physical laws of the universe are good enough to provide an explanation for
the whole lot—or so say the evolutionists.
The Bible well-knownshows a miles distinctive story, and there are many
issues with the models and hypotheses which are used to assist
the story defined above. Artists’ depictions of the events make
them look real, however they’re just a story to give an explanation for why God is
now not vital. Among the problems are a slowly spinning sun, the
SOLAR SYSTEM moon’s closeness to the earth, and a “chicken-and-egg” trouble
with big name formation. The differences among what the Bible teaches
and what the evolutionary perspective teaches are many and huge.
It is impossible to reconcile the 2 factors with out
twisting Scripture or rewriting the history revealed in Genesis.
What Your Textbook Says approximately the Origin of the Solar SystemEvolutionary Concept
Prentice Hall
Glencoe
Holt
ArticlesThe solar gadget shaped from a collapsing, spinning nebula.
2, three–5, T642C, T646, 647, 706
744, 793–794, T794, T797, 797, 801, 836–838, 855, 858–859
216, T317C, T683C, 685–687, T686–T687, 791
three:1, 3:three, 3:four, three:five, three:thirteen, five:1Planets shape from colliding particles at unique distances from the sun.
648
648, 793, T794, T800
35, T687, T688, 701–702, T703, 709
3:1, 3:2, 3:three, three:five, 3:13Earth shaped from a molten ball, and the layers formed as earth cooled.
5, T64C, 367
T98C, 101, T270C, 576–579, 580, T694
6, 148, T687–T688, 688, 709
three:6The earth’s environment, inclusive of oxygen, and oceans shaped step by step as earth cooled.
5, 367, 477, 495
nine, T270C, 387–388, T576C, 584, 585–587, 648–649,664, 679, 740
T209C, T545C, T688–T689, 689–690, 698
3:6, 3:7, 3:eight, three:nine, 3:16The moon shaped from a collision over four billion years ago and has modified little in three billion years.
T612C, 631, 633–634
648, T755, 755, T756, 756–757, T764, 764, 771, 858
153, T717C, T719, 719–724, T723, 726, 745
3:2, 3:10, three:11Earth’s tilt and precession cycle over tens of heaps of years.
601, T612, 622
372–373
T632, 643
3:2, 4:3, five:2, five:3Asteroids are leftover debris from the formation of the solar system.
664
504, T774A, T774D, 795–796, T797, 801, 858–859
718, 723, 739, 740, 744
three:1, three:13Many moons in our solar gadget may also have been captured.
657, 658
784, 792
T734, 737
three:1, 3:11Cratering may be used to determine the age of planets and moons.
634, 652
784
695, 733, 735
3:four, 3:12The planets have modified length and rotational route seeing that their formation.
—
781–782, 789
697, 699, T705
3:four, 3:five, 3:14Planetary ring structures can be very young capabilities.
—
—
T717D
three:15The presence of water in the sun device might also support existence.
—
T774C, T784, 784–785, T787
665, T699, seven hundred
3:7, three:17Comets originate in the Kuiper belt and the Oort cloud and orbit over hundreds or hundreds of years.
661–663
796–797
T683D, 739, T741–T743, 742–743, T745, 745, T773, 773
3:2, three:13, five:1The reality that the solar and moon appear the identical length is a twist of fate, not a end result of creation.
T672C
T859
—
2:2The solar formed about five billion years in the past and will last every other 5 billion years.
6, 690, T710, 716
657, T682D, T804A, 810–811, 821–823, T825, 835
756, 791
3:sixteen
Note: Page numbers preceded by “T” imply items from the instructor notes discovered
within the margins of the Teacher’s Edition.
What We Really Know about the Origin of the Solar System
According to the secular situation, strength become progressively converted
into rely because the universe persisted to make bigger after the huge
bang. That remember accumulated and the primary atoms started out to shape.
The first tiers of the naturalistic universe contained only strength. As
the increasing universe slowed and cooled, hydrogen, helium, and
small amounts of lithium were fashioned from the energy. The gases
amassed into nebulae which then gave start to stars and planets.
As the earliest stars produced their power through nuclear fusion,
heavier SOLAR SYSTEM elements had been assembled and have been subsequently scattered into
the universe because the stars exploded. These heavier elements collected
within the universe over billions of years, and celebrity systems with
planets began to form.
Star formation and stellar evolution have in no way been located
because they may be speculated to arise over many thousands and thousands of years. Evolutionists
advise that the celebs form as gases (hydrogen and helium
inside the early universe) disintegrate due to gravity. As the nebula collapses,
the gases warmth up and the nebula spins itself into a flattened disk.
One principal problem with this state of affairs is that as the gases are heated,
the stress will increase. This strain would generally tend to cause the nebula
to extend and counteract the gravitational disintegrate.
To counter this problem, it’s miles cautioned that some sort of
“surprise” overcomes the fuel strain at just the proper time. This
surprise may additionally come from the explosion of a close-by supernova or some
other source. The problem has now emerge as a circular argument.
In order for the first stars to form, there might have had to have
been other stars attaining the supernova degree to cause the primary stars
to shape. So the argument may go for later generations of stars
however it can’t provide an explanation for how the first generation fashioned. If the primary
generation couldn’t shape, then they couldn’t have produced the
materials and pressure for later generations to form.
Setting the preceding problem aside, evolutionists would then
advise that a protostar would form and keep to benefit mass because it
attracted close by gas and debris. If the strain in the center of the
star will increase the temperature to 10 million Kelvin ranges, nuclear
fusion can begin and the megastar will become stable. The balance comes
when the inward gravitational force balances the outward gas pressure.
Depending on the dimensions and composition of the star, it follows
a multi-billion 12 months method until it consumes all of its nuclear gas.
At the end of its existence it’s going to both contract and come to be a white dwarf
or explode in a mind-blowing supernova and leave at the back of a black hole
or a neutron superstar. Our personal sun is expected to complete this cycle
within the subsequent five billion years. This obviously assumes a uniformitarian
development of time and count into the unreachable destiny.
Exactly how this process proceeded in our sun system is a
count of inferring activities inside the beyond from what we see in the present.
As mentioned in advance, there are positive assumptions that ought to be
made whilst growing historic theories. The thoughts offered inside the
textbooks are based totally on uniformitarian assumptions and have many
troubles that are not mentioned, despite the presence of phrases like
“we recognize” and “scientists have shown.”
One uniformitarian notion provided in the textbooks is the formation
of elements that make up the universe. The textbooks advise
that each one of the problem within the universe is a result of the huge bang.
Atoms large than hydrogen (apart from a few helium
and hint amounts of lithium which also shaped from the power
of the huge bang) are believed to be shaped inside the core of stars as a
end result of nuclear fusion. This system can SOLAR SYSTEM handiest give an explanation for the presence
of factors up to the mass of iron. It is usually recommended that the elements
heavier than iron formed due to supernovae exploding. These
elements were scattered into the universe and had been finally accumulated
by using forming stars and planets.
Glencoe 822
The formation of a protostar over hundreds of thousands of years from a spinning nebula has
been proposed to explain the start of recent stars. There are many issues
with this state of affairs and no explanation of how the first stars could have fashioned
consistent with the acknowledged legal guidelines of physics. The Bible explains that God made the
stars on Day Four.
The heavier factors observed on earth have been produced in
a supernova and have been accrued as the solar machine shaped. This
stands in direct opposition to the advent of the earth described
in Genesis. The Bible presents the view that God created the entire
universe, inclusive of every man or woman atom, out of not anything in six
days, no longer from the steady procedure of stellar evolution over billions
of years. The Bible teaches that the earth was fashioned on Day One
and the celebrities on Day Four through the spoken phrases of God—thethoughts are pretty contrary.
The formation of our sun system is idea to be usual of
other big name structures inside the universe. Around five billion years ago, an
interstellar cloud of dust and gases commenced to collapse on itself because the
force of gravity pulled the particles together. This scenario offers
a hassle. The pressure of gravity is pulling the debris collectively but
other forces, just like the strain exerted by the gases in a balloon,
are pushing the debris apart. Gravity is a pretty weak pressure,
and this version has extraordinary trouble in explaining how the celebs and
planets simply fashioned.
The version utilized by evolutionists to explain the formation of
star systems is called the nebular hypothesis.
Nebular Hypothesis
Belief that the sun machine fashioned from a spinning,
collapsing nebula; the solar formed on the center with the planets
forming at various distances.
The idea was first positioned forth within the 1700s and has gone through
minor revisions. Our sun gadget allegedly commenced as a nebula
that started out to spin and collapse due to gravity. As the nebula
spun faster and faster, the protostar began to form (as defined
above) and a disk of dust and gases surrounded the protostar. The
spinning nebular disk became warmer on the middle than at the edges.
Planetesimals started out to slowly shape as the dirt particles stuck to
each other.
Prentice Hall 647
The nebular hypothesis is truly a story to describe
what can also have came about within the “prehistoric” solar
gadget. There are no observations to guide the
claims that natural procedures over tens of millions of years
may want to form a solar device. The Bible offers a clear
description of the formation of the earth by the
spoken word of God.
The planetesimals that shaped in the direction of the center of the disk
contained the rocky factors like iron and silica which have excessive
melting points. The lighter factors and compounds were blown
far from the middle and commenced to accumulate in the outer planetesimals.
The outer planets are fabricated from gases and ices in addition to
a few rocky components. Over time, the planetesimals supposedly
collided with one another or caught together through gravitational
appeal. As the collisions persevered, the planets had been born. Over
time, maximum of the dust became accrued via the planets’ gravity, and the
solar gadget became solid as the orbits of the main planets have been
established. Small dirt debris and plenty of asteroids nevertheless orbit the
solar and are believed to be the leftover debris from the formation
of the sun device.
Glencoe 794
One of the largest troubles with this explanation of the solar
gadget is that the particles of dirt ought to stick collectively, known as
accretion, to shape the planetesimals. The stardust debris which might be
purported to have formed the solar device would have simply bounced
off each other. The debris in the rings of Saturn provide a model for
what could have befell in the spinning disk of the young sun
system. If the debris were shifting faster, they could nonetheless leap
off of each other or explode as they collided with exquisite force.
Again, the nebular hypothesis is a tale of what ought to have passed off
despite the fact that there may be no evidence in guide of the claims.
Another extensive hassle with the formation of the sun
system is resulting from the spin of the forming gadget. As extra of the
mass is pulled toward the solar, the mass must spin quicker according
to the Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum. This regulation is
without problems tested. Sit on an workplace chair together with your arms and legs
prolonged and feature a person spin you. Pull your legs and arms into
the middle and you may spin faster. This is just like what have to
have occurred to the sun in the nebular speculation.
If the nebular speculation were accurate, the sun might be spinning
a whole lot faster than it’s miles. The sun has only 2% of the angular
momentum and ninety nine% of the mass of the solar system. To provide an explanation for
away this obvious problem, evolutionists recommend a mechanism of
magnetic subject braking. The specific info of magnetic braking are
nonetheless debated, but it need to have passed off for the nebular speculation
to be commonplace.
Other remnants of the naturalistic formation of the sun
gadget are the Kuiper belt items and comets. The Kuiper belt lies
outdoor of the orbit of Neptune and is the alleged supply of shortperiod
comets. Comets that orbit the sun in extra than two hundred years
are believed to come from the Oort cloud. The Oort cloud is a
hypothetical sphere of icy masses that no one has ever seen. Despite
this reality the Holt text says on page 742:
The Oort cloud surrounds the sun machine and may
attain as far as halfway to the nearest celebrity. Scientists
think that the matter inside the Oort cloud changed into left over
from the formation of the solar gadget. Studying this
distant count helps scientists understand the early
records of the universe. Bodies in the Oort cloud
circle the sun so slowly that they take a few million
years to complete one orbit.
Despite by no means seeing the Oort cloud, we’re instructed by means of the text
that it surrounds the solar system, it has a huge size, was left over
from the formation of the sun device, and its bodies take tens of millions
of years to orbit. All of these are “information” which have been made up
to healthy the information that are really discovered. So why is it vital for
evolutionists to invent the Oort cloud?
As comets orbit the solar the sun wind blasts off elements of the
comet. Such particles is seen because the tails of the comet. Each time a
comet orbits the solar it loses approximately 1% of its mass. Halley’s Comet
orbits the earth every 76 years, so it is continuously losing mass. If
Halley’s Comet is left over from the beginning of the solar machine
four.5 billion years ago, all of its mass would were misplaced billions
of years ago. This isn’t a trouble for a universe that is 6,000
years antique, because the Bible describes. In order to give an explanation for the presence
of comets in an vintage universe, evolutionists recommend that comets are
continuously knocked out of the Kuiper belt or the Oort cloud.
The logic is as follows:
If comets are remnants of the formation of the solar
machine, they lose their mass in some hundred orbits,
and the sun machine is four.5 billion years antique, then new
comets must be delivered to the solar system or we might
now not see comets today.
Holt 742
The Oort cloud turned into
invented through evolutionists
to give an explanation for the lifestyles of
comets which must now not
be present in a sun machine
that is four.five billion years old.
The comets healthy without difficulty inside
the biblical time-frame of
6,000 years.
The trouble is that this is an evidence based totally on zero observations
and the belief that the solar system is 4.5 billion years
vintage. This isn’t always a valid scientific model although it is frequent by using
most scientists as “the way it ought to be.” Comets confirm a younger
universe, no longer an imaginary cloud in the sky.
The age and formation of the earth want to be addressed in
a special manner due to the fact earth is the planet that we stay on. In the
nebular hypothesis the earth shaped as a molten mass within the early
sun system. The warmness changed into generated by way of many collisions with different
bodies orbiting the forming sun. As the earth cooled, the substances
separated into layers based totally on their density—the less dense materials
close to the floor and the extra dense substances within the center.
Once once more, that is in direct opposition to what the Bible teaches.
Genesis 1:2–6 makes it clear that the earth changed into created as a ball
blanketed with water. In the naturalistic state of affairs, the oceans come
a lot later, simplest after the earth has cooled over thousands and thousands of years.
The textbooks give an explanation for that as the earth persisted to cool, the
ecosystem was fashioned and volcanoes released fuel into the younger
atmosphere. The young ecosystem was supposedly composed of
nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, methane, and ammonia.
The apparent missing element is oxygen. Many evolutionists
trust that oxygen was no longer a part of the environment till loads
of hundreds of thousands of years later whilst bacteria developed the ability to
photosynthesize. Through photosynthesis, oxygen started to slowly
acquire inside the ecosystem.
Holt 688
Evolutionists create a story approximately the earth cooling from a molten mass
approximately four.five billion years ago. The pictures and testimonies are definitely the products of
imaginations that try to give an explanation for the existence of the earth without God. The
Bible teaches a totally specific story and well-knownshows an eyewitness account of the
formation of the earth.
Another result of the volcanic gasoline become the gathering of water
vapor inside the environment. As the younger environment cooled, it
launched its water inside the form of rain. As the rain fell on the hardening
floor, the basins packed with water and the primary seas had been born.
These seas then became the nursery for the first living organisms.
The tale above is defined inside the Prentice Hall text. On web page 364
we study, “. . . Precambrian records is written in scattered, speculative
episodes, like a protracted ebook with many missing pages.” Then on
pages 366–367 we read, “. . . Earth slowly cooled and the molten
surface solidified into a crust. . . . the water vapor condensed to
shape clouds, and super rains started out. . . . Torrential rains continued
and slowly filled low regions, forming the oceans. . . . The first life
forms on the planet did not need oxygen.”
So, is this one of the pages recorded in amazing detail or one very
precise speculation? The description given is primarily based on the assumption
that the nebular hypothesis is proper and that existence surely advanced
from nonliving chemical compounds. If the nebular speculation fails then all
of the following motives fail. This chain of assumptions is
present during the naturalistic factors for the lifestyles
of the universe.
Holt 689
Based on the idea that the
nebular speculation is accurate, the cooling
molten earth launched its gases into the
ecosystem. Volcanoes and gas wallet
are believed to have fashioned the early
environment that changed over millions
of years. The Bible information a distinctive
records with the earth’s atmosphere
created on Day Two.
The lack of oxygen in
the surroundings is considered
genuine based totally at the
assumption that life had
now not advanced to supply oxygen—a circular argument.
The presence of oxygen is
also a chief hassle for the
chemical evolution of lifestyles
from chemical compounds. Naturalistic
scenarios for the starting place
of lifestyles on this planet cannot
receive oxygen on the early
earth. Oxygen could have
made it not possible for the
organic molecules of existence
to shape spontaneously—existence could not have developed
from nonliving chemical compounds
inside the presence of oxygen.
The textbooks declare that
the rocks from the earliest
intervals of the earth do now not
incorporate evidence of oxygen
inside the surroundings. To the
opposite, there is no proof
inside the sedimentary rocks that an oxygen-unfastened ecosystem
has existed at any time at some stage in the span of geological history. (See
article three:8 for greater details.)
To upload to the troubles, the ozone layer have to have formed
from atmospheric oxygen before the primary organisms should have
evolved to supply the oxygen that shaped the ozone layer. These
varieties of contradictions abound in the naturalistic reasons of
life evolving on this planet.
The final trouble to cope with at once is the moon. The textbooks
present a story of the collision of a Mars-sized object with the earth
as the excellent clarification. The concept that the moon shaped on the
identical time as the earth or that the moon was captured by way of the earth
are referred to as possibilities. The collision hypothesis is shown
in specified photographs that designate the method. The debris that become
ejected from the impact finally shaped the brand new moon because it gathered
collectively.
The rocks that have been collected from the moon from the Apollo
missions are dated at four.five billion years the use of secular assumptions.
This makes the moon just as antique because the earth within the evolutionary
tale. The Bible offers comparable ages for the earth and the moon
as well. Both have been created about 6,000 years ago and simplest three
days apart. In Genesis 1:sixteen the “lesser mild” is created to rule the
night and supply mild on the planet. We can believe God’s eyewitness
account of how He did things over guy’s conjectures about the
unseen beyond.
Claiming that the moon is 4.5 billion years old creates a chief
trouble inside the uniformitarian explanations. This is due to the fact the
moon is slowly spiraling far from the earth at a present day price of 1.5
inches consistent with 12 months. That method that the moon changed into in the direction of the earth
in the beyond. 6,000 years ago the moon would had been about 800
toes closer. Using the acknowledged price of recession we can use calculus
to decide the recession charge within the alleged distant beyond when the
moon was a good deal in the direction of the earth. This is vital because whilst
the moon is nearer, the tidal bulges (and consequently the recession
price) are lots large. When we do the maths properly, we calculate
that the moon could had been touching the earth 1.5 billion years
in the past and could have been pulled aside earlier than that by means of earth’s gravity.
This is simply every other affirmation that the earth and moon can not
probable be 4.5 billion years vintage.
As we noticed with the discussion of the huge bang, there are numerous
problems with the naturalistic reasons of the formation of our
solar device. Many different troubles are mentioned within the articles that
comply with and the Tools for Digging Deeper. Because the naturalistic
ideas aren’t primarily based on the foundation of God’s ideal Word, they
fall short. Below is a desk that summarizes the most important differences
mentioned above. It is, at great, inconsistent to accept as true with within the Bible
as the stimulated, infallible, enough Word of God and take delivery of that
the large bang and the nebular speculation are actual. Because the 2
perspectives contradict each other on many points, they cannot each be
accurate without twisting, reordering, or compromising one or the
other. Will you believe God’s Word or man’s reasoning whilst it comes
to the formation of the solar machine?
Table 3-1: Different Views at the Origin of the Solar System
Biblical View
Evolutionary View6,000 years antique
four.5 billion years oldEyewitness account from the Creator
Theories based at the denial of a CreatorEarth created earlier than the sun
Sun shaped earlier than the earthEarth created before the celebs
Stars fashioned earlier than the earthEarth created earlier than the moon
Moon formed along with the earthEarth commenced protected by using water
Earth started as a molten ballSeas have been created on Day Three
Seas shaped after thousands and thousands of years because the earth cooledThe surroundings turned into created on Day Two
The ecosystem evolved over billions of yearsThe earth changed into created by God to be inhabited (Isaiah forty five:18)
Life on the planet is a cosmic coincidence of the laws of natureReference Article Summaries
three:1 Pierre Simon Laplace: the nebular hypothesis
Parsons and Mackay, www.answersingenesis.org/introduction/v3/i3/thoughts.asp
Pierre Laplace changed into a notable scientist during the 1700s
who worked in mathematics, chemistry, and astronomy.
Laplace was also involved in standardizing dimension
systems. Laplace recognized tremendous order in the sun machine
and counseled that it should exist indefinitely if the solar did
not alternate. His notions were meant to refute Newton’s
notion in a Divine Force preserving all things together.
Laplace hypothesized that the sun device become the
result of a spinning cloud of dust that spun off rings of
fuel which condensed to shape the planets. The final
gas became the solar. A changed version of this principle is
currently promoted through many evolutionists, however there are
many problems with this model. Laplace assumed that there
turned into a spinning cloud that gotten smaller, however the recognised laws
of physics can not provide an explanation for how the sort of cloud could agreement
because the pressure from gas strain a long way exceeds gravity under
everyday conditions. Other issues encompass the other
rotation of Venus, Pluto, and Uranus, and the slow rotation
of the sun compared to the rest of the angular momentum
inside the solar system.
Ultimately, Laplace’s model is based on naturalistic
assumptions that can not explain the formation of the sun
device—a system that is the result of design by way of God.
three:2 The heavens claim . . . a younger sun machine
Samec, www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v3/n1/heavens-claim-young-solar-device
Psalm 19 tells us that the heavens declare the distinction of
God. But what do the heavens declare approximately the age of the
universe? Recent observations confirm that the universe is
only some thousand years vintage, because the Bible says.
A comet is a small, icy mass that orbits the solar and
continually loses mass. The misplaced mass is seen as the 2 tails
of a comet are blown off via the solar wind and the stress
of photons. Comets also are located to break aside as they
orbit near the solar and different planets. Since comets are constantly
being eroded and destroyed, the solar machine need to
comprise no comets if it’s far truely four.five billion years old.
To fight this venture, uniformitarian astronomers
have imagined an Oort cloud this is 50,000 times farther
from the earth than the sun. The Oort cloud is supposed to
provide the solar device with lengthy-duration comets, although
there isn’t always a single shred of evidence for its existence.
Short-period comets are imagined to come from the Kuiper
belt, however the items in this disk are distinct from comets
and can’t accurately give an explanation for the existence of so many
comets in our solar gadget.
Evolutionists might suggest that the moon has been
lifeless for the remaining three billion years. However, common observations
of colour changes and luminous spots may additionally imply
current geologic interest. Since the moon is best lots
of years antique, this pastime isn’t always unexpected.
Both Jupiter and Neptune supply off about two times as much
strength as they get hold of from the sun. If those planets had been
four.five billion years vintage, they would have cooled appreciably
or they have to have an inner strength source that could maintain
them hot for billions of years. Secular fashions propose that
the cores of these planets are undergoing nuclear fusion,
however there are many troubles with those models. The power
contained in these planets, and the opposite younger-age indicators,
confirm their younger age and the biblical account of
their creation.
three:three First mild from extrasolar planets
Lisle, www.answersingenesis.org/docs2005/0420extrasolar_planets.asp
The existence of planets around remote stars has been
supported via the wobble produced as the planet orbits the
megastar and the decrease in mild from the celebrity as the planet crosses
in front of the superstar. Recently, astronomers were capable of
measure the infrared energy from two of those planets, providing
the first direct commentary of extrasolar planets.
The extrasolar planets found to date do not suit the
nebular hypothesis of planet formation. The planets positioned
close to the celebs are alleged to be small, rocky planets
in line with the evolutionary version. The planets which have
been determined are very huge and orbit too close to the celebs to fit
the secular expectations. These stellar structures usually
remind us of the diversity and creativity that the Lord displayed
on Day Four.
3:four Uranus: the odd planet
Psarris, www.answersingenesis.org/introduction/v24/i3/uranus.asp
Uranus is a planet approximately sixty four instances the quantity of the
earth that orbits the solar at 19 times the gap. Uranus
was observed in 1781 however little changed into regarded about it
until the Voyager 2 probe surpassed through it in 1986. At that
time it changed into decided that the axis became tilted at 98
ranges to the ecliptic aircraft of the opposite planets’ orbits.
The tilt of the axis cannot be defined if Uranus fashioned
from the spinning nebula that became the supposed starting place
of our solar system.
To explain the tilted axis, evolutionary astronomers
claim that an earth-sized item must have struck Uranus
to tilt it. This seems not likely because Uranus has a totally
circular orbit this is very close to the ecliptic aircraft—an impact
would possibly perturb the orbit. The small size of the moon
and ring system, which might be believed by evolutionists to be
the stays of the impact, can’t account for the mass of
the item that might cause the axis to tilt.
Invoking a disaster to explain the unnatural features
of Uranus is a chunk hypocritical as evolutionists frequently
criticize biblical creationists for using the Flood to explain
earth’s functions.
Uranus additionally radiates little warmth into area, in contrast to
comparable-sized Neptune. If the 2 planets fashioned from
the identical system, we’d anticipate them to have similar
houses. Another discovery of the Voyager 2 probe is
that the magnetic subject axis is tilted 60 stages from the
rotational axis and is an awful lot stronger than predicted. These
characteristics can’t be explained with the aid of current evolutionary
fashions, although Dr. Russell Humphreys used biblical
assumptions to are expecting the field power two years earlier than
it became recognized.
The many troubles with the naturalistic clarification
which can be without difficulty defined inside the biblical framework
make the creation of Uranus apparent.
3:5 Neptune: monument to advent
Psarris, www.answersingenesis.org/advent/v25/i1/neptune.asp.
Neptune is a massive gaseous planet that orbits the solar
approximately 30 instances farther than the earth. Little become recognised
approximately Neptune until the Voyager 2 probe. Scientists did now not
find a chilly, dead planet as they predicted, however a planet with
raging winds that offers off significant warmness. Another find
of the probe became the tilted magnetic field with a energy
that were anticipated by means of Dr. Russell Humphreys the use of
biblical assumptions.
The Bible well-knownshows that Neptune turned into created on Day 4,
but evolutionists have no way of explaining the lifestyles of
Neptune and Uranus. According to the evolutionary nebular
speculation, the planets are presupposed to have shaped
from the disk of dirt and fuel that surrounded the forming
sun about 4.5 billion years ago. As the dirt cloud spun, the
debris allegedly caught to each other. As large debris
collided, planetesimals fashioned. The planetesimals continued
to collide and ultimately attracted gases to form the
outer planets. But is this scenario viable?
Computer fashions of the nebular speculation have failed
to reveal how such huge planets can shape to this point from the
sun. The time required is at least 10 billion years—double
the meant age of the sun gadget. This trouble has
been regarded for 30 years, but it remains brushed
apart inside the media and textbooks due to the fact scientists “know”
the sun device fashioned by itself. Despite the dearth of a great
rationalization, they hang to fashions that reject the
Creator and the evidence of His creation.
3:6 Evolution vs. creation: the order of events subjects!
Mortenson, www.answersingenesis.org/docs2006/0404order.asp
Many Christians believe that if we recall the times
of creation in Genesis 1 as lengthy a while we are able to harmonize
the Bible with the huge bang and the geological history
promoted via scientists. This view is frequently called the “day-age”
view and has many biblical troubles. First, the text
is intended to communicate that Creation befell in six,
24-hour days. Second, this view calls for hundreds of thousands of years
of demise and disease—effects of the Curse after the
Fall of mankind—earlier than human beings have been on earth.
The antique-earth view of the advent of the universe also
assumes that technological know-how has confirmed the authentic age of the earth
and universe. In truth, technology has only interpreted the evidence
from radiometric courting, distant starlight, and the
formation of rock layers.
Of maximum importance is what’s found out in the text of
Scripture approximately the order of occasions. Genesis 1 contradicts
the evolutionary records of the universe and existence in it at
nearly every step. [See tables on web page fifty two and 77.] The Bible
teaches that the earth became covered with water on Day One
and on the time of the Flood at the same time as the evolutionary history
denies that the earth become ever protected with water.
Because of the numerous contradictions, there is no way to
harmonize the Bible with guy’s thoughts about the evolution
of the universe. We ought to agree with the Word of God to expose
the reality approximately the activities of Creation and earth’s records.
three:7 The starting place of lifestyles: a critique of modern clinical fashions
Swee–Eng, The Origin of Life: A Critique of Current Scientific Models
This article affords an exhaustive dialogue of the
subjects surrounding the starting place of life. The discussion levels
from the presence of oxygen within the early surroundings
(no matter the reality that it prohibits the formation of organic
molecules) to the formation of DNA molecules and the
complexity of the genetic code. Numerous evolutionary
papers from clinical journals are used as proof to support
the idea that existence could not have fashioned on earth via
natural causes.
three:eight Did the early earth have a decreasing environment?
Austin, www.icr.org/article/203
Evolutionists anticipate that the early earth lacked oxygen
due to the fact existence couldn’t evolve in an surroundings containing
oxygen. If this have been true, the rocks older than 1.nine billion
years have to contain no proof of being formed in an
surroundings with oxygen. Iron deposits from these rock
layers suggest an surroundings with oxygen. The lack of
sulfide deposits and the presence of sulfates and different oxygen-bearing compounds also factor to an oxidizing surroundings.
These and different evidences point to an surroundings
that contained oxygen from its beginning.
three:nine Origin of the oceans
Sherwin, www.icr.org/article/99/13
Secular scientists have cautioned that the oceans
formed as rain slowly accrued in basins after the molten
earth cooled. The idea that this water became amassed from
comets to fill the primary oceans has been discredited through statistics
from the Hale-Bopp comet. The comet was composed of
deuterium-wealthy water. However, earth’s oceans comprise very
little deuterium. The Bible explains that earth’s oceans had been
created via God.
3:10 Lunar recession: does it aid a younger universe?
Wright, www.answersingenesis.org/astronomy/moon/lunar-recession/
Due to tidal forces, the moon is really shifting away
from the earth at a cutting-edge fee of 1-and-a-1/2 inches
according to yr, however that rate adjustments as the space adjustments.
Calculating the space between the earth and moon over
time suggests that the moon could were touching the
earth simplest 1.5 billion years in the past—a massive trouble if the earth-moon
system is four.5 billion years vintage.
Even earlier than that point, the moon could have been within
the Roche Limit of earth’s gravity and would had been pulled
apart with the aid of earth’s gravity. If the moon is best 6,000 years antique,
because the Bible teaches, there’s no problem to overcome because the
moon would were an insignificant 800 toes closer.
three:eleven Have scientists observed the moon’s foundation?
DeYoung, http://www.answersingenesis.org/Docs/399.asp
Evolutionary scientists have devised 4 predominant theories
to explain the origin of the moon. The fission theory
says that the moon cut up off from the spinning earth, however
this is not likely due to the fact the earth is spinning too slowly. The
capture idea suggests that the moon turned into captured as it
handed close to the earth. However, it’s miles more likely that this
would throw the moon off into area and does now not explain
in which the moon got here from.
Another idea shows that the earth and moon fashioned
next to each other, but there is no cause of how the
debris came together in the first region. The final principle
requires a collision among the earth and some other object.
The debris resulting from the impact formed the moon, however there
are many troubles to conquer with this version as SOLAR SYSTEM properly.
Despite guy having traveled to the moon, there is nonetheless
no exceptional explanation of its origin from the evolutionary
attitude. Scripture, but, genuinely teaches that the
moon changed into created abruptly by God.
three:12 Extraterrestrial bombardment of the inner sun system: a review with questions and comments based on new data
Froede, www.creationresearch.org/crsq/notes/38/38_4/Note0203.htm
As extra records is gathered about effect occasions
within the inner sun machine, uniformitarian scientists agree with
that there has been massive bombardment round three.9 billion
years ago. The supply of the material for the bombardment
isn’t clear but may additionally had been from the Kuiper belt or
Oort cloud, but no longer possibly from the asteroid belt.
From the creationist attitude, there’s debate over
how and when the bombardment commenced and what the
source was. The bombardment may additionally have been involved
with the Flood, as many advent scientists have advised.
Comparing the cratering activities on the moon and earth
can help establish while the event happened. There are several
creationist models to take into account, and they can be tested
towards the bodily proof and biblical framework.
Despite the issues inside the uniformitarian fashions, the
asteroid belt can be the supply of the substances, and the
occasion took place inside the ultimate numerous thousand years as an alternative
than 3.9 billion years ago.
3:13 Comets and the age of the solar system
Faulkner, www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v11/i3/comets.asp
Comets are generally used to argue that the solar
device need to be younger. The basic argument is that comets
lose fabric on every occasion they orbit the solar, and there may be
a most of eleven million years for the orbit of a comet.
Since comets are assumed to have shaped from collapsing
dust in the evolutionary fashions, the comets set a most
age that is tons more youthful than 4.5 billion years.
Comets are huge chunks of ice and dirt which are heated
as they pass near the sun. The sun’s radiation causes the coma
to glow as debris are knocked off creating the two tails,
which constantly point away shape the sun. The instantly ion tail
is created as gases are ionized by way of the solar wind. The curved
tail is a path of dirt driven outward with the aid of the solar radiation.
Comets have eccentric orbits and come in two types.
Short-duration comets have an orbital duration of less than
200 years and generally orbit with the planets (prograde).
Long-duration comets have longer orbital durations and approximately
1/2 have a retrograde orbit that is contrary to the planets.
Comets also can be misplaced by means of colliding with planets, as comet
Shoemaker-Levi nine did with Jupiter, or by way of being thrown out
of the sun machine by passing near a planet. If comets have been
a part of the original solar machine of 4.five billion years ago,
there must be none left inside the sun gadget.
To remedy this problem, evolutionists look to the Oort
cloud and the Kuiper belt as the supply for new comets. The
Oort cloud is a hypothetical shell of comet nuclei that surrounds
the sun gadget. It is supposed that the nuclei are
sometimes perturbed and fall into the inner sun device to
become lengthy-period comets. The Kuiper belt is a doughnut-fashioned
location, past the orbit of Neptune. There had been
many items recognized on this location, and it’s far cautioned that
these objects are the source of short-duration comets. However,
the objects observed in this vicinity are a whole lot larger
than comet nuclei. This demanding situations the assumption that the
Kuiper belt is a supply of latest, quick-length comets.
three:14 The sun system—new discoveries produce new mysteries
Gish, www.icr.org/article/62
If the sun gadget truely shaped from a spinning nebula,
we have to see a excessive diploma of similarity in the objects in the
sun system. The solar consists of ninety nine% of the mass of the sun
machine but handiest 2% of its angular momentum. There must
be a mechanism for moving this momentum, but none
has been fastidiously validated by way of evolutionary scientists.
The axis of Uranus is tilted to ninety eight° relative to its orbit round
the solar. Many of its moons also orbit at its equator within the
route of rotation. These moves are the alternative that
might be anticipated within the evolutionary version.
Phoebe, a moon of Saturn, and Triton, a moon of Neptune,
orbit in a retrograde direction as do several of the
moons of Jupiter. A group of 3 moons orbits Jupiter at
an perspective of 30° from its equator—all opposite to evolutionary
predictions.
The crust formations and magnetic discipline of Mercury
gift issues for the evolutionary concept. Mercury is
too small to generate a magnetic area inside the way the earth
is supposed to, so the model for earth’s magnetic field is
no longer vital to provide an explanation for earth’s magnetic discipline. The facts are
greater constant with a latest creation.
The moon Titan has a nitrogen-wealthy surroundings which
includes hydrogen. This hydrogen couldn’t be present
for billions of years on a small satellite tv for pc, so the gasoline need to
be constantly generated from in the moon through an
unknown technique. And how one of these small satellite tv for pc shaped
to hold methane, ammonia, and water isn’t always understood.
Ultimately the composition of our solar gadget points to
the design of a Creator.
3:15 Saturn’s earrings brief-lived and young
Snelling, www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v11/i1/saturn.asp
The earrings of Saturn have frequently been utilized by creationists
to aid a younger age of the sun gadget. The rings
are too sensitive to have existed for billions of years. Observations
from 1695 to the prevailing have showed that the
jewelry are shrinking. Recent records from the Hubble Space
Telescope has brought about evolutionists to suggest that the
rings may be as younger as 30 million years old.
To create the younger jewelry, it’s miles advised that a small
moon or passing comet became destroyed—a really
unlikely event. Despite the evolutionary interpretation of
the extraordinarily young earrings, the rings are a lovely a part of
God’s advent.
three:sixteen The young faint sun paradox and the age of the solar system
Faulkner, www.icr.org/article/429
Many traits combine to make existence on this planet
viable at the same time as the situations on different planets make lifestyles
impossible. Mars has an extremely bloodless floor with no
liquid water acknowledged at the surface. Water is thought to
have as soon as flowed on Mars’s floor, however it’s far hard to explain
how this can have happened on such a cold planet.
Since the solar is powered by the fusion of hydrogen, it
may want to burn for about ten billion years—approximately half of that
time having already passed inside the evolutionary view. As the
composition of the core modifications, so does the intensity of
the light. The sun should be 40% brighter these days than it turned into
four.5 billion years in the past. This could impact the temperature of
the planets. Evolutionists ought to give an explanation for how lifestyles developed on a
planet that would likely be frozen—an apparent paradox.
Changing atmospheric composition with a complex
remarks system is generally used to give an explanation for how the anomaly
is prevented. As new forms of existence advanced, the earth’s
environment evolved in conjunction with it. The unique tuning of
this method could have been nothing quick of dazzling
and has been referred to as the Goldilocks syndrome.
Evolutionists have two ways to provide an explanation for this. They can
receive that it came about as a threat incidence as the sun,
environment, earth, and living matters all advanced together,
or they can be given a few form of guiding force that executed
the task.
The third opportunity is that the sun and earth are best
thousands of years vintage and that there’s no need to give an explanation for
the ambiguity in any respect. If the earth and solar were lately created
for life, there would be no conflict. The younger faint solar
paradox seems to rule out the idea that the solar gadget is
billions of years vintage.
3:17 Proof of life evolving within the universe?
White, www.answersingenesis.org/docs2001/0222news.asp
Many reports of water vapor and carbon compounds
found near remote stars have led to claims that life ought to
have developed somewhere else within the universe. Evolutionists
assume that there are planets similar to earth where existence may additionally
have advanced, but they still cannot explain how lifestyles advanced
on this planet. The presence of conditions much like earth does
not prove that life has developed some other place. The answer to
the question of the foundation of existence is located in Genesis—the
Creator made life on the planet.
Questions to ConsiderIf there may be no evidence to guide the existence of the Oort
cloud, then how can or not it’s taken into consideration a systematic hypothesis/theory?
How do scientists explain how a nebula collapses on itself when
the laws of physics show that the heat and strain might purpose
it to expand?
How do scientists explain the gradual rotation of the solar with
appreciate to the relaxation of the solar device?
What are the problems with the formation of the moon from
an evolutionary perspective?
How can the retrograde rotation of planets and orbits of moons
be explained in a naturalistic way?
Have the discoveries of extrasolar planetary systems showed
the nebular hypothesis predictions?Tools for Digging Deeper
Exploring Planet Earth by John Hudson Tiner
The New Answers Book by way of Ken Ham et al.
The New Answers Book 2 with the aid of Ken Ham et al.
Our Created Moon by using Don DeYoung
Taking Back Astronomy through Jason Lisle
Universe by using Design via Danny Faulkner
www.answersingenesis.org/pass/astronomy
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